Lincoln, Maine

Beginnings
Text by George King, Lincoln Historical Society

In the fall of 1825, the Wendell Brothers from Portsmouth, New Hampshire sent Ira Fish and 17 other men north to build dams for saw mills on Mattanawcook Stream. That winter, the men cut 5,000,000 board feet of lumber from the land where Mattanawcook Lake would eventually be, enough to run the three saws in the two saw mills for five years. In the beginning, all the lumber was used in Lincoln for homes, barns, businesses, and other needed buildings. In later years, after all the timber around the lake was cut, the lumbermen began cutting around Folsom and Upper Ponds, sending the wood down the streams for transport to the saw mill.

The first thing to be built was a flume to send lumber along to the Penobscot River to market. In order to take lumber from both mills down the river, they had to be assembled into rafts. Ten rafts were hooked together with one man on each end to control them. Sometimes, shingles and short lumber were put on top of the rafts. Even today, 185 years later, the first dam bed logs can be spotted when the water is low and the sun overhead, looking down into the river from the bridge on West Broadway.

The Lombard Steam Log Hauler
Text by George King, Lincoln Historical Society

Alvin Lombard was born in Springfield, Maine in 1856. In the late 1890s, he was part-owner of a Lincoln saw mill and he later invented the first steam-powered log hauler at Waterville Iron Works in 1901. This log hauler featured a continuous track. There were known to be about 83 Lombard Log Haulers built by 1917. This invention was the start of replacing the horse to complete the heavy work in the woods. Around 1920, he came out with a smaller gas powered log hauler.

The following was written by a current MJHS 7th grade student, Garrett Neal, and his grandmother, Rebecca McLaughlin.

My ancestor, Alvin Lombard, was born in 1856 and died in 1937. He is most famous for inventing a vehicle that changed the logging business, the Lombard Steam Log Hauler. He developed this idea while working as a blacksmith in Waterville.

When he was little, Alvin used to make little inventions for fun. He made a wood splitter powered by a water wheel, and he cut cucumbers slices with it. When he was older, he and his brother, Samuel, worked together to build things. Alvin designed the patents and his brother built the inventions. The Log Hauler’s patent was designed in 1901. Only 83 log haulers were made, and the idea was later used to design tanks for the military. One downfall to the Log Hauler was, it had no brakes. Even so, it was better than working your horses to pull out the logs, because the horses would wear out fast.

I am proud that I am related to Alvin Lombard, and I would loved to have met him if I could. Most of my family has worked in the woods just like Alvin, and I am amazed that he is six generations back in my family.

Sources:
"Lombard Steam Log Hauler." America's Only Steam and Threshing Enthusiast Magazine: Steam Traction - Farm Collector. Web. 6 Apr. 2010. <http://steamtraction.farmcollector.com/Farm-Shows/Lombard-Steam-Log-Hauler.aspx>.

"Lombard Steam Log Hauler Goes Full Steam Ahead." Maine News, Weather, Sports Channel 6 NBC Portland | WCSH6.com | Portland, ME. Web. 6 Apr. 2010. <http://www.wcsh6.com/news/local/story.aspx?storyid=100966&catid=2>.

McLaughlin, Rebecca. "Alvin Lombard." Telephone interview. 5 Apr. 2010.

The Mill Through Time

The mill has manufactured different types of pulp, paper, and tissue over the years. It has changed names and owners numerous times, as well. Here is a look at some of the changes through its existence.

Major Events, Mill Timeline (from Lincoln Historical Society and http://www.lptandt.com)

August 11, 1882: Lincoln Pulp & Paper Company is organized. Construction is finished that year and a crude paper machine is installed.

1888: Operations were halted for five years due to the distance of the timber to market. The mill could not compete with the growing number of mills in the state.

1893: New owners N.M. Jones and James B. Mullen expand the mill and operations to include sulfite pulp, a much better kind of pulp. The name is changed to Katahdin Pulp & Paper Company. The business continues successfully for twenty years.

October 1914: The mill is purchased by Eastern Manufacturing Company of Brewer. The name is changed to the Katahdin Division of Eastern Manufacturing Company. The mill employs 250 people at this time. More expansion and improvements continue over the next fifty years.

1958: Eastern Manufacturing merges with Standard Packaging Corporation, becoming Eastern Fine Paper & Pulp Division, Standard Packaging Corporation.

1964: Tissue production is introduced as a lucrative new undertaking for the mill.

March 8, 1968: Eastern Fine’s Lincoln and Brewer mills close unexpectedly when the costs of running the mill outweigh the benefits for the Standard Packaging Corporation. The closure of these two mills left over 1,150 out of work.

June 24, 1968: The people of Lincoln rallied together and independently raised $350,000 to secure financing to re-open the mill.

August 1968: Standard Packaging transfers ownership to the Premoid Corporation (now Preco), which renames the mill Lincoln Pulp & Paper. It began to specialize in deep-dyed tissue, a specialty in the tissue market.

January 2004: Lincoln Pulp and Paper and Eastern Fine Paper in Brewer shut down due to financial troubles of the parent company, Eastern Pulp & Paper Corp.

May 28, 2004: The mill is purchased by a small group for $23.7 million, who change the name to Lincoln Paper & Tissue LLC.

August 28, 2006: A new 21st century tissue machine is installed, a huge investment for the mill.

April 8, 2010: According to LP & T’s website, “Lincoln Paper and Tissue, LLC, is the USA's leading producer of specialty and deep dyed tissue products and high bulk printing papers. The Company operates a fully integrated pulp and paper facility with three tissue machines and two paper machines in Lincoln, Maine.”